Node:Complex Makefile, Next:GNU Free Documentation License, Previous:Error Messages, Up:Top

## Complex Makefile Example

Here is the makefile for the GNU `tar` program. This is a moderately complex makefile.

Because it is the first target, the default goal is `all`. An interesting feature of this makefile is that `testpad.h` is a source file automatically created by the `testpad` program, itself compiled from `testpad.c`.

If you type `make` or `make all`, then `make` creates the `tar` executable, the `rmt` daemon that provides remote tape access, and the `tar.info` Info file.

If you type `make install`, then `make` not only creates `tar`, `rmt`, and `tar.info`, but also installs them.

If you type `make clean`, then `make` removes the `.o` files, and the `tar`, `rmt`, `testpad`, `testpad.h`, and `core` files.

If you type `make distclean`, then `make` not only removes the same files as does `make clean` but also the `TAGS`, `Makefile`, and `config.status` files. (Although it is not evident, this makefile (and `config.status`) is generated by the user with the `configure` program, which is provided in the `tar` distribution, but is not shown here.)

If you type `make realclean`, then `make` removes the same files as does `make distclean` and also removes the Info files generated from `tar.texinfo`.

In addition, there are targets `shar` and `dist` that create distribution kits.

         # Generated automatically from Makefile.in by configure.
         # Un*x Makefile for GNU tar program.
         # Copyright (C) 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

         # This program is free software; you can redistribute
         # it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
         # General Public License ...
         ...
         ...

         SHELL = /bin/sh

         #### Start of system configuration section. ####

         srcdir = .

         # If you use gcc, you should either run the
         # fixincludes script that comes with it or else use
         # gcc with the -traditional option.  Otherwise ioctl
         # calls will be compiled incorrectly on some systems.
         CC = gcc -O
         YACC = bison -y
         INSTALL = /usr/local/bin/install -c
         INSTALLDATA = /usr/local/bin/install -c -m 644

         # Things you might add to DEFS:
         # -DSTDC_HEADERS        If you have ANSI C headers and
         #                       libraries.
         # -DPOSIX               If you have POSIX.1 headers and
         #                       libraries.
         # -DBSD42               If you have sys/dir.h (unless
         #                       you use -DPOSIX), sys/file.h,
         #                       and st_blocks in `struct stat'.
         # -DUSG                 If you have System V/ANSI C
         #                       string and memory functions
         #                       and headers, sys/sysmacros.h,
         #                       fcntl.h, getcwd, no valloc,
         #                       and ndir.h (unless
         #                       you use -DDIRENT).
         # -DNO_MEMORY_H         If USG or STDC_HEADERS but do not
         #                       include memory.h.
         # -DDIRENT              If USG and you have dirent.h
         #                       instead of ndir.h.
         # -DSIGTYPE=int         If your signal handlers
         #                       return int, not void.
         # -DNO_MTIO             If you lack sys/mtio.h
         #                       (magtape ioctls).
         # -DNO_REMOTE           If you do not have a remote shell
         #                       or rexec.
         # -DUSE_REXEC           To use rexec for remote tape
         #                       operations instead of
         #                       forking rsh or remsh.
         # -DVPRINTF_MISSING     If you lack vprintf function
         #                       (but have _doprnt).
         # -DDOPRNT_MISSING      If you lack _doprnt function.
         #                       Also need to define
         #                       -DVPRINTF_MISSING.
         # -DFTIME_MISSING       If you lack ftime system call.
         # -DSTRSTR_MISSING      If you lack strstr function.
         # -DVALLOC_MISSING      If you lack valloc function.
         # -DMKDIR_MISSING       If you lack mkdir and
         #                       rmdir system calls.
         # -DRENAME_MISSING      If you lack rename system call.
         # -DFTRUNCATE_MISSING   If you lack ftruncate
         #                       system call.
         # -DV7                  On Version 7 Unix (not
         #                       tested in a long time).
         # -DEMUL_OPEN3          If you lack a 3-argument version
         #                       of open, and want to emulate it
         #                       with system calls you do have.
         # -DNO_OPEN3            If you lack the 3-argument open
         #                       and want to disable the tar -k
         #                       option instead of emulating open.
         # -DXENIX               If you have sys/inode.h
         #                       and need it 94 to be included.

         DEFS =  -DSIGTYPE=int -DDIRENT -DSTRSTR_MISSING \
                 -DVPRINTF_MISSING -DBSD42
         # Set this to rtapelib.o unless you defined NO_REMOTE,
         # in which case make it empty.
         RTAPELIB = rtapelib.o
         LIBS =
         DEF_AR_FILE = /dev/rmt8
         DEFBLOCKING = 20

         CDEBUG = -g
         CFLAGS = $(CDEBUG) -I. -I$(srcdir) $(DEFS) \
                 -DDEF_AR_FILE=\"$(DEF_AR_FILE)\" \
                 -DDEFBLOCKING=$(DEFBLOCKING)
         LDFLAGS = -g

         prefix = /usr/local
         # Prefix for each installed program,
         # normally empty or `g'.
         binprefix =

         # The directory to install tar in.
         bindir = $(prefix)/bin

         # The directory to install the info files in.
         infodir = $(prefix)/info

         #### End of system configuration section. ####

         SRC1 =  tar.c create.c extract.c buffer.c \
                 getoldopt.c update.c gnu.c mangle.c
         SRC2 =  version.c list.c names.c diffarch.c \
                 port.c wildmat.c getopt.c
         SRC3 =  getopt1.c regex.c getdate.y
         SRCS =  $(SRC1) $(SRC2) $(SRC3)
         OBJ1 =  tar.o create.o extract.o buffer.o \
                 getoldopt.o update.o gnu.o mangle.o
         OBJ2 =  version.o list.o names.o diffarch.o \
                 port.o wildmat.o getopt.o
         OBJ3 =  getopt1.o regex.o getdate.o $(RTAPELIB)
         OBJS =  $(OBJ1) $(OBJ2) $(OBJ3)
         AUX =   README COPYING ChangeLog Makefile.in  \
                 makefile.pc configure configure.in \
                 tar.texinfo tar.info* texinfo.tex \
                 tar.h port.h open3.h getopt.h regex.h \
                 rmt.h rmt.c rtapelib.c alloca.c \
                 msd_dir.h msd_dir.c tcexparg.c \
                 level-0 level-1 backup-specs testpad.c

         all:    tar rmt tar.info

         tar:    $(OBJS)
                 $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LIBS)

         rmt:    rmt.c
                 $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ rmt.c

         tar.info: tar.texinfo
                 makeinfo tar.texinfo

         install: all
                 $(INSTALL) tar $(bindir)/$(binprefix)tar
                 -test ! -f rmt || $(INSTALL) rmt /etc/rmt
                 $(INSTALLDATA) $(srcdir)/tar.info* $(infodir)

         $(OBJS): tar.h port.h testpad.h
         regex.o buffer.o tar.o: regex.h
         # getdate.y has 8 shift/reduce conflicts.

         testpad.h: testpad
                 ./testpad

         testpad: testpad.o
                 $(CC) -o $@ testpad.o

         TAGS:   $(SRCS)
                 etags $(SRCS)

         clean:
                 rm -f *.o tar rmt testpad testpad.h core

         distclean: clean
                 rm -f TAGS Makefile config.status

         realclean: distclean
                 rm -f tar.info*

         shar: $(SRCS) $(AUX)
                 shar $(SRCS) $(AUX) | compress \
                   > tar-`sed -e '/version_string/!d' \
                              -e 's/[^0-9.]*\([0-9.]*\).*/\1/' \
                              -e q
                              version.c`.shar.Z

         dist: $(SRCS) $(AUX)
                 echo tar-`sed \
                      -e '/version_string/!d' \
                      -e 's/[^0-9.]*\([0-9.]*\).*/\1/' \
                      -e q
                      version.c` > .fname
                 -rm -rf `cat .fname`
                 mkdir `cat .fname`
                 ln $(SRCS) $(AUX) `cat .fname`
                 tar chZf `cat .fname`.tar.Z `cat .fname`
                 -rm -rf `cat .fname` .fname

         tar.zoo: $(SRCS) $(AUX)
                 -rm -rf tmp.dir
                 -mkdir tmp.dir
                 -rm tar.zoo
                 for X in $(SRCS) $(AUX) ; do \
                     echo $$X ; \
                     sed 's/$$/^M/' $$X \
                     > tmp.dir/$$X ; done
                 cd tmp.dir ; zoo aM ../tar.zoo *
                 -rm -rf tmp.dir